A prepaid travel card works by placing money in different foreign currency accounts on that card. While you are travelling you can use the prepaid travel card to pay for accommodation, restaurants or transport like you would use a debit card in Australia.
If it is under $100 normally a tap will do but they might ask you for your pin and you enter your 4 digit pin. The funds are deducted from your account at the rate you locked in before you left. Alternatively if you choose a Wise card, the exchange rate you receive will be very close to the market rate.